What are common debugging techniques for PHP code, especially when dealing with issues related to HTML output?

When dealing with issues related to HTML output in PHP code, one common debugging technique is to use the "echo" or "print" functions to display variables or strings at different points in the code to check their values. Another technique is to use the "var_dump" function to output the structure and values of variables for more detailed debugging. Additionally, checking for syntax errors, missing or mismatched HTML tags, and ensuring proper variable concatenation can help identify and resolve HTML output issues.

<?php
// Debugging HTML output by using echo and var_dump

// Example variable
$name = "John Doe";

// Debugging using echo
echo "<p>Hello, " . $name . "</p>";

// Debugging using var_dump
var_dump($name);
?>