What alternative methods can be used for database backup and migration in PHP if phpMyAdmin fails to work properly?

If phpMyAdmin fails to work properly for database backup and migration in PHP, alternative methods such as using command-line tools like mysqldump or implementing custom PHP scripts to handle the backup and migration process can be used. These methods provide more control and flexibility over the backup and migration process compared to relying solely on phpMyAdmin.

// Using mysqldump for database backup
exec('mysqldump -u username -p password database_name > backup.sql');

// Using custom PHP script for database migration
$sourceDb = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=source_db', 'username', 'password');
$targetDb = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=target_db', 'username', 'password');

$tables = $sourceDb->query("SHOW TABLES")->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_COLUMN);
foreach ($tables as $table) {
    $sourceData = $sourceDb->query("SELECT * FROM $table")->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    foreach ($sourceData as $row) {
        $columns = implode(', ', array_keys($row));
        $values = implode("', '", array_values($row));
        $targetDb->query("INSERT INTO $table ($columns) VALUES ('$values')");
    }
}