What alternative methods, besides frames or iframes, can be used to include CGI scripts in PHP?

To include CGI scripts in PHP without using frames or iframes, you can use the `exec()` function in PHP to execute the CGI script and capture its output. This allows you to include the CGI script directly in your PHP code and display the results without the need for frames or iframes.

<?php
$output = shell_exec('/path/to/cgi/script.cgi');
echo $output;
?>