In what ways can the mixing of PHP and HTML in code be problematic, and what are some best practices for separating them effectively?

Mixing PHP and HTML in code can make the code harder to read and maintain. It can also lead to security vulnerabilities if not properly sanitized. To separate them effectively, it's best to use a templating system like PHP's built-in functions or a framework like Laravel that encourages the use of Blade templates.

<?php
// Separate PHP logic from HTML using a templating system
$name = "John Doe";
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Welcome</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome, <?php echo $name; ?></h1>
</body>
</html>