In what ways can PHP developers replicate the behavior of websites like the Sparkasse, where users appear to be logged in after using the back button?

When users navigate back to a page after logging out, the website may still display them as logged in due to browser caching. To replicate this behavior in PHP, developers can set a cookie with the user's session information and check for its presence on each page load.

// Set a cookie with the user's session information
setcookie('user_session', 'logged_in', time() + 3600, '/');

// Check for the presence of the cookie on each page load
if(isset($_COOKIE['user_session']) && $_COOKIE['user_session'] == 'logged_in'){
    // User is logged in
} else {
    // User is not logged in
}