In what scenarios should the ROUND or CEIL functions be used when performing mathematical operations in PHP applications?

When performing mathematical operations in PHP applications, the ROUND or CEIL functions should be used when you need to round a number to the nearest whole number. ROUND will round the number to the nearest integer, while CEIL will always round up to the next integer.

// Using ROUND function to round a number to the nearest whole number
$number = 4.6;
$roundedNumber = round($number);
echo $roundedNumber; // Output: 5

// Using CEIL function to always round up to the next integer
$number = 3.2;
$roundedNumber = ceil($number);
echo $roundedNumber; // Output: 4