In the context of PHP development, what steps can be taken to troubleshoot and resolve errors related to file operations, such as the issue of directories not being found during renaming?

When encountering errors related to directories not being found during renaming in PHP, one possible solution is to check if the directory exists before attempting to rename a file. This can be done using the `is_dir()` function to verify the existence of the directory.

$directory = '/path/to/directory/';

if (is_dir($directory)) {
    $oldFile = $directory . 'old_file.txt';
    $newFile = $directory . 'new_file.txt';
    
    if (rename($oldFile, $newFile)) {
        echo 'File renamed successfully!';
    } else {
        echo 'Error renaming file.';
    }
} else {
    echo 'Directory not found.';
}