In the context of PHP development, how can developers effectively troubleshoot and debug SQL queries that are not returning the expected results?

When troubleshooting SQL queries in PHP development, developers can effectively debug by echoing or logging the generated SQL query before execution. This allows developers to inspect the query for any syntax errors or unexpected conditions. Additionally, developers can use tools like phpMyAdmin or MySQL Workbench to run the query directly on the database to see if it returns the expected results. 

// Example PHP code snippet to debug SQL query
$sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 18";
echo $sql; // Output the generated SQL query for inspection
// Execute the query and fetch results
$result = mysqli_query($connection, $sql);
if (!$result) {
    die('Error: ' . mysqli_error($connection));
}
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result)) {
    // Process the fetched data
}

Keywords

SQL queries debugging troubleshooting PHP development error messages

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