In the context of PHP development, what are the recommended error handling techniques to identify and resolve issues like syntax errors in SQL queries?

When dealing with syntax errors in SQL queries in PHP development, it is recommended to use prepared statements with parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection attacks and ensure proper syntax. This approach separates the SQL query logic from the data input, making it easier to identify and resolve syntax errors. 

// Example of using prepared statements to handle SQL queries with error handling

// Establish a database connection
$pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase", "username", "password");

// Prepare a SQL query with placeholders
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = :id");

// Bind the parameter value to the placeholder
$stmt->bindParam(':id', $userId, PDO::PARAM_INT);

// Execute the query
$stmt->execute();

// Check for errors
if($stmt->errorCode() !== '00000') {
    $errorInfo = $stmt->errorInfo();
    echo "SQL error: " . $errorInfo[2];
} else {
    // Fetch the results
    $results = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
}

Keywords

PHP error handling syntax errors SQL queries debugging

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