In PHP, what are some common pitfalls to avoid when working with database queries and conditional statements like the ones shown in the code snippet provided in the forum thread?

One common pitfall to avoid when working with database queries and conditional statements in PHP is not properly sanitizing user input, which can leave your application vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. To prevent this, always use prepared statements or parameterized queries when interacting with the database. Additionally, be cautious when using conditional statements to ensure they are structured correctly to avoid logical errors. 

// Example of using prepared statements to avoid SQL injection
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username");
$stmt->bindParam(':username', $username);
$stmt->execute();

// Example of properly structuring a conditional statement
if ($user_role === 'admin') {
    // Admin logic here
} elseif ($user_role === 'user') {
    // User logic here
} else {
    // Default logic here
}

Keywords

SQL injection prepared statements PDO error handling data validation

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