How should special characters be handled in PHP echo statements to avoid errors?

Special characters in PHP echo statements should be properly escaped to avoid syntax errors. This can be done by using the `htmlspecialchars()` function to convert special characters to their HTML entities. This ensures that the special characters are displayed correctly in the output without causing any parsing issues.

<?php
// Example of handling special characters in PHP echo statement
$specialString = "This is a special string with <br> tags";
echo htmlspecialchars($specialString);
?>