How does the srand() function work in PHP and what are the potential pitfalls when using it?

When using the srand() function in PHP, it is important to seed the random number generator with a value to ensure that the sequence of random numbers generated is not predictable. This can be done by passing a unique value, such as the current timestamp, to srand(). Failure to seed the random number generator can result in the same sequence of random numbers being generated each time the script is run.

// Seed the random number generator with the current timestamp
srand(time());

// Generate a random number between 1 and 100
$randomNumber = rand(1, 100);