How does the open_basedir directive in PHP restrict file operations within a script?

The open_basedir directive in PHP restricts the files that a script can access to only those within specified directory paths. This helps improve security by preventing scripts from accessing sensitive files outside of the specified directories. To implement this restriction, you need to set the open_basedir directive in your PHP configuration file (php.ini) to the desired directory paths.

// Set the open_basedir directive in php.ini to restrict file operations within a script
ini_set('open_basedir', '/path/to/allowed/directory:/another/allowed/directory');