How does the chmod function work in PHP when trying to change file permissions after uploading?

When uploading files using PHP, the uploaded files may not have the correct permissions set, which can lead to issues with accessing or executing the files. To change file permissions after uploading, you can use the `chmod()` function in PHP to set the desired permissions for the uploaded file.

$file = 'path/to/uploaded/file.txt';
$permissions = 0644; // Set the desired permissions (e.g., read and write for owner, read for group and others)

if (file_exists($file)) {
    chmod($file, $permissions);
    echo 'File permissions changed successfully.';
} else {
    echo 'File does not exist.';
}