How does PHP handle 64-bit integers on 32-bit systems, and what are the limitations or workarounds for dealing with large numbers in such environments?

PHP handles 64-bit integers on 32-bit systems by automatically converting them to floats when they exceed the maximum integer value that can be represented on a 32-bit system. To work around this limitation, you can use the BCMath extension in PHP to perform arithmetic operations on large numbers with arbitrary precision.

// Using the BCMath extension to work with large numbers on 32-bit systems
$largeNumber1 = '12345678901234567890';
$largeNumber2 = '98765432109876543210';

$result = bcadd($largeNumber1, $largeNumber2);
echo $result; // Output: 111111111011111111100