How can you determine which button was used to submit a form in PHP without using JavaScript?

To determine which button was used to submit a form in PHP without using JavaScript, you can include a hidden input field in the form for each submit button. When a button is clicked, its corresponding hidden input field will be submitted with the form data. In PHP, you can check which hidden input field has been submitted to determine which button was clicked.

<form method="post" action="submit.php">
    <input type="hidden" name="submit_button" value="button1">
    <button type="submit" name="button1">Button 1</button>
</form>
<form method="post" action="submit.php">
    <input type="hidden" name="submit_button" value="button2">
    <button type="submit" name="button2">Button 2</button>
</form>
```

In the `submit.php` file, you can then check which hidden input field was submitted to determine which button was clicked:

```php
if(isset($_POST['submit_button'])) {
    $clicked_button = $_POST['submit_button'];
    
    if($clicked_button == 'button1') {
        // Button 1 was clicked
    } elseif($clicked_button == 'button2') {
        // Button 2 was clicked
    }
}