How can variables be properly utilized and named in PHP to enhance code readability and maintainability?

Variables in PHP should be named descriptively to indicate their purpose and content. This enhances code readability and maintainability by making it easier for other developers (or even yourself in the future) to understand the code. Additionally, variables should be used consistently throughout the codebase to avoid confusion and potential errors.

// Bad variable naming
$a = 5;
$b = 10;
$c = $a + $b;

// Good variable naming
$firstNumber = 5;
$secondNumber = 10;
$sum = $firstNumber + $secondNumber;