How can variables be passed from one PHP file to another?

Variables can be passed from one PHP file to another by using sessions or cookies. Sessions store variables on the server and can be accessed across multiple pages during a user's visit. Cookies store variables on the client's browser and can also be accessed across multiple pages. By setting session variables in one PHP file and accessing them in another, you can pass variables between files seamlessly.

// File 1: setting session variable
session_start();
$_SESSION['variable_name'] = 'value';

// File 2: accessing session variable
session_start();
echo $_SESSION['variable_name'];