How can trimming and handling empty lines be effectively addressed when processing CSV files in PHP?

When processing CSV files in PHP, trimming and handling empty lines can be effectively addressed by using the `fgetcsv()` function to read each line of the CSV file and then checking if the line is empty or not. If the line is not empty, you can trim any leading or trailing whitespace from the line before further processing.

$file = fopen('data.csv', 'r');

while (($line = fgetcsv($file)) !== false) {
    // Skip empty lines
    if (empty(array_filter($line))) {
        continue;
    }

    // Trim leading and trailing whitespace from each field
    $trimmedLine = array_map('trim', $line);

    // Further processing of the trimmed line
    // ...
}

fclose($file);