How can the use of chmod() function in PHP help address file permission issues, especially in the context of the SAFE MODE Restriction error?

When encountering file permission issues, particularly in the context of the SAFE MODE Restriction error in PHP, the chmod() function can be used to change the permissions of a file or directory. This function allows you to set the desired permissions for the file, enabling you to modify access levels and resolve any permission-related errors.

// Example code to change file permissions using chmod() function
$filename = 'example.txt';
$desired_permissions = 0644; // Set the desired permissions (e.g., read and write for owner, read for others)
if (file_exists($filename)) {
    chmod($filename, $desired_permissions); // Change the permissions of the file
    echo "File permissions updated successfully.";
} else {
    echo "File does not exist.";
}