How can the speed of an HTML crawler be optimized in PHP?

To optimize the speed of an HTML crawler in PHP, you can use multi-threading or asynchronous requests to fetch multiple pages simultaneously. This can significantly reduce the time it takes to crawl a large number of pages.

// Example code using asynchronous requests with Guzzle
require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use GuzzleHttp\Client;
use GuzzleHttp\Promise;

$client = new Client();

$urls = ['https://example.com/page1', 'https://example.com/page2', 'https://example.com/page3'];

$promises = [];
foreach ($urls as $url) {
    $promises[$url] = $client->getAsync($url);
}

$results = Promise\settle($promises)->wait();

foreach ($results as $url => $result) {
    $response = $result['value'];
    // Process the response here
}