How can the session_id() function impact the persistence of session variables in PHP?

The session_id() function can impact the persistence of session variables in PHP by allowing you to set a custom session ID. This can be useful if you want to ensure session variables are maintained across multiple pages or if you need to manage multiple sessions simultaneously. By setting a custom session ID, you can control the lifespan and scope of session variables more effectively.

<?php
session_start();

// Set a custom session ID
$custom_session_id = "my_custom_id";
session_id($custom_session_id);

// Set session variables
$_SESSION['username'] = 'john_doe';
$_SESSION['email'] = 'john@example.com';

// Retrieve session variables
echo $_SESSION['username'];
echo $_SESSION['email'];
?>