How can the principles of Object-Oriented Analysis and Design be applied to refactor PHP code for better maintainability and scalability in the future?

To refactor PHP code for better maintainability and scalability, we can apply the principles of Object-Oriented Analysis and Design by breaking down the code into smaller, more manageable classes and objects. This will help improve code organization, reusability, and readability, making it easier to maintain and scale in the future.

// Before refactoring
function calculateTotalPrice($price, $quantity) {
    return $price * $quantity;
}

// After refactoring
class Product {
    private $price;

    public function __construct($price) {
        $this->price = $price;
    }

    public function calculateTotalPrice($quantity) {
        return $this->price * $quantity;
    }
}

$product = new Product(10);
$totalPrice = $product->calculateTotalPrice(5);
echo $totalPrice;