How can the PHP code be modified to ensure that only the relevant categories and subcategories are displayed based on the user's selection?

To ensure that only the relevant categories and subcategories are displayed based on the user's selection, you can modify the PHP code to use AJAX to dynamically load the subcategories based on the selected category. This way, only the relevant subcategories will be displayed without having to reload the entire page.

// PHP code to handle AJAX request for loading subcategories based on selected category

if(isset($_POST['category_id'])) {
    $category_id = $_POST['category_id'];
    
    // Query the database to get subcategories based on the selected category
    $subcategories = get_subcategories_by_category($category_id);
    
    // Output the subcategories as options for the user to select
    echo '<select name="subcategory">';
    foreach($subcategories as $subcategory) {
        echo '<option value="' . $subcategory['id'] . '">' . $subcategory['name'] . '</option>';
    }
    echo '</select>';
}

// Function to get subcategories by category from the database
function get_subcategories_by_category($category_id) {
    // Query the database to get subcategories based on the selected category
    // This is just a placeholder function, you should replace it with your actual database query
    $subcategories = array(
        array('id' => 1, 'name' => 'Subcategory 1'),
        array('id' => 2, 'name' => 'Subcategory 2'),
        array('id' => 3, 'name' => 'Subcategory 3')
    );
    
    return $subcategories;
}