How can the code be optimized to follow the DRY principle and avoid repetitive code blocks?

The issue of repetitive code blocks can be solved by following the DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) principle. To optimize the code and avoid repetition, we can create reusable functions or classes to encapsulate common logic. By doing this, we can reduce redundancy and make the code more maintainable and easier to manage.

// Example of optimizing code to follow the DRY principle

// Define a function to calculate the square of a number
function calculateSquare($num) {
    return $num * $num;
}

// Calculate the square of 5
$result = calculateSquare(5);
echo $result; // Output: 25