How can specific strings within URLs be targeted and extracted using PHP?

To target and extract specific strings within URLs using PHP, you can utilize regular expressions. Regular expressions allow you to define a pattern to match the desired string within the URL. By using functions like preg_match or preg_match_all, you can extract the specific string from the URL based on the defined pattern.

$url = "https://www.example.com/product/12345";
$pattern = '/\/product\/(\d+)/';
preg_match($pattern, $url, $matches);
$product_id = $matches[1];

echo $product_id; // Output: 12345