How can special characters like \ and ' be properly handled in PHP database queries?

Special characters like \ and ' can be properly handled in PHP database queries by using prepared statements with parameterized queries. This method ensures that special characters are properly escaped and prevents SQL injection attacks. By binding parameters to placeholders in the query, the database engine will handle special characters correctly. 

// Establish a database connection
$pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase", "username", "password");

// Prepare a SQL statement with a parameterized query
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username");

// Bind the parameter value to the placeholder
$username = $_POST['username'];
$stmt->bindParam(':username', $username);

// Execute the query
$stmt->execute();

// Fetch the results
$results = $stmt->fetchAll();

Keywords

PHP special characters database queries escaping SQL injection

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