How can Smarty templates be effectively utilized to manage includes and navigation in PHP applications?

Smarty templates can be effectively utilized to manage includes and navigation in PHP applications by creating separate template files for header, footer, and navigation elements, and then including them in the main template file using Smarty's {include} function. This allows for easier maintenance and updating of common elements across multiple pages.

// main_template.tpl
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>My PHP Application</title>
</head>
<body>
    {include file="header.tpl"}
    
    <nav>
        {include file="navigation.tpl"}
    </nav>
    
    <div>
        <h1>Welcome to my PHP Application!</h1>
        <p>This is the main content of the page.</p>
    </div>
    
    {include file="footer.tpl"}
</body>
</html>