How can regular expressions be used effectively to extract specific patterns from PHP strings, such as lowercase strings between uppercase strings?

Regular expressions can be used effectively in PHP to extract specific patterns from strings by using functions like `preg_match()` or `preg_match_all()`. To extract lowercase strings between uppercase strings, you can use a regular expression pattern that matches uppercase letters followed by lowercase letters, and then use `preg_match_all()` to find all occurrences of this pattern in the input string.

$input = "HelloWorldThisIsATestString";
$pattern = '/[A-Z][a-z]+/';
preg_match_all($pattern, $input, $matches);

foreach ($matches[0] as $match) {
    echo $match . "\n";
}