How can recursion or while loops be utilized in PHP to create multiple subdirectories within a directory?

To create multiple subdirectories within a directory in PHP, you can utilize recursion or while loops to iterate through an array of directory names and create each subdirectory one by one. Recursion can be used to handle nested subdirectories easily, while a while loop can be used for a simpler sequential creation of subdirectories. 

// Function to create multiple subdirectories using recursion
function createSubdirectories($baseDir, $subDirs) {
    foreach ($subDirs as $subDir) {
        $newDir = $baseDir . '/' . $subDir;
        if (!is_dir($newDir)) {
            mkdir($newDir);
        }
        createSubdirectories($newDir, $subDirs);
    }
}

// Usage example
$baseDirectory = 'path/to/base/directory';
$subDirectories = ['subdir1', 'subdir2', 'subdir3'];

createSubdirectories($baseDirectory, $subDirectories);

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