How can PHP variables be properly included within HTML attributes to avoid conflicts with special characters?

When including PHP variables within HTML attributes, special characters like quotes can cause conflicts and break the code. To avoid this, you can use the `htmlspecialchars()` function to properly encode the variables before inserting them into the attribute. This function will convert special characters to their HTML entities, ensuring that the attribute remains valid.

<?php
$name = "John Doe";
$email = "john.doe@example.com";
?>

<input type="text" name="name" value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($name); ?>">
<input type="email" name="email" value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($email); ?>">