How can PHP syntax errors be identified and resolved effectively to prevent server errors?

PHP syntax errors can be identified by carefully reviewing the error message provided by the server. Common syntax errors include missing semicolons, parentheses, or curly braces. To resolve these errors, carefully check the code for any missing or misplaced syntax elements and correct them accordingly.

```php
// Example PHP code snippet with a missing semicolon causing a syntax error
$variable = "Hello World"
echo $variable;
```

In this example, the missing semicolon after the variable assignment will result in a syntax error. Adding the semicolon after "Hello World" will resolve the issue.