How can PHP sessions be effectively managed and utilized for user authentication in web applications, as shown in the forum thread?

Issue: PHP sessions can be effectively managed and utilized for user authentication in web applications by setting session variables upon successful login and checking these variables on protected pages to ensure the user is authenticated.

// Start the session
session_start();

// Check if user is logged in
if(isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
    // User is authenticated, allow access to protected content
} else {
    // Redirect to login page
    header("Location: login.php");
    exit();
}