How can PHP scripts avoid making repeated database queries?

Repeated database queries can be avoided in PHP scripts by storing the results of queries in variables or arrays, and then checking if the data is already available before making a new query. This can help reduce the number of database calls and improve the performance of the script. Additionally, using caching mechanisms such as Memcached or Redis can help store frequently accessed data in memory, further reducing the need for repeated queries.

// Example code snippet to avoid repeated database queries
$cacheKey = 'unique_cache_key';
if (!($data = getFromCache($cacheKey))) {
    $data = fetchDataFromDatabase();
    saveToCache($cacheKey, $data);
}

function getFromCache($key) {
    // Implementation to retrieve data from cache
}

function saveToCache($key, $data) {
    // Implementation to save data to cache
}

function fetchDataFromDatabase() {
    // Implementation to fetch data from database
}