How can PHP parsers be vulnerable to manipulation, and what measures can be taken to prevent this?

PHP parsers can be vulnerable to manipulation through techniques like code injection or XSS attacks. To prevent this, developers should always sanitize user input, validate data before using it, and use functions like htmlspecialchars() to escape special characters.

// Example code snippet to prevent PHP parser manipulation
$user_input = $_POST['user_input'];
$clean_input = htmlspecialchars($user_input, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
// Use $clean_input in your code instead of $user_input