How can PHP developers optimize their code for better performance when dealing with MySQL queries and array manipulation?

To optimize PHP code for better performance when dealing with MySQL queries and array manipulation, developers can use techniques such as indexing database tables, using prepared statements to prevent SQL injection, and minimizing the number of queries by combining them where possible.

// Example of optimizing MySQL queries with prepared statements
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = :id");
$stmt->bindParam(':id', $id, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();
$user = $stmt->fetch();

// Example of optimizing array manipulation by using array functions
$numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
$sum = array_sum($numbers);
echo $sum;