How can PHP developers implement proper input validation and error handling when reading user data from a text file for authentication purposes?

When reading user data from a text file for authentication purposes, PHP developers can implement proper input validation by checking the data against expected formats and values. Error handling can be done by using try-catch blocks to catch exceptions and handle them appropriately, such as displaying error messages to the user or logging them for further investigation.

<?php

// Read user data from a text file
$file = 'users.txt';
$users = file($file, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES);

// Input validation
foreach ($users as $user) {
    $userData = explode(',', $user);
    
    if (count($userData) != 2) {
        throw new Exception('Invalid user data format');
    }
    
    $username = $userData[0];
    $password = $userData[1];
    
    // Perform authentication logic here
}

// Error handling
try {
    // Attempt authentication process
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo 'Error: ' . $e->getMessage();
}

?>