How can PHP developers ensure that session data is securely stored and maintained throughout a user's session?

To ensure that session data is securely stored and maintained throughout a user's session, PHP developers can use secure session handling techniques such as setting session.cookie_secure to true to only allow session cookies to be sent over HTTPS, setting session.cookie_httponly to true to prevent session cookies from being accessed by JavaScript, and regularly regenerating session IDs to prevent session fixation attacks.

// Start a secure session
ini_set('session.cookie_secure', 1);
ini_set('session.cookie_httponly', 1);
session_start();

// Regenerate session ID to prevent session fixation attacks
session_regenerate_id(true);