How can PHP developers ensure that special characters like Umlaute are properly interpreted by external services when included in URLs?

Special characters like Umlaute in URLs need to be properly encoded to ensure they are interpreted correctly by external services. PHP developers can achieve this by using the urlencode() function to encode the special characters before including them in the URL. 

$umlaut = "ü";
$encodedUmlaut = urlencode($umlaut);
$url = "https://example.com/search?q=" . $encodedUmlaut;
echo $url;

Keywords

PHP special characters Umlaute URL encoding external services

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