How can PHP developers ensure that users are not able to track or detect intermediate redirects in the browser?

PHP developers can ensure that users are not able to track or detect intermediate redirects in the browser by using a header redirect with a 301 status code. This will prevent the browser from displaying the intermediate redirect in the address bar. Additionally, developers can use ob_start() and ob_end_flush() functions to buffer the output and prevent any content from being sent before the redirect header is set. 

ob_start();
header("HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently");
header("Location: https://www.example.com/new-page");
ob_end_flush();
exit;

Keywords

PHP headers redirects obfuscation browser detection

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