How can PHP developers ensure that special characters, such as umlauts, are preserved when storing data in a MySQL database using json_encode()?

When using json_encode() to store data in a MySQL database, special characters like umlauts may get encoded incorrectly if not handled properly. To ensure these characters are preserved, developers can use the JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE option in json_encode() to prevent Unicode characters from being escaped.

$data = array("name" => "Müller");
$json_data = json_encode($data, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE);

// Store $json_data in MySQL database