How can PHP developers ensure that URLs are properly formatted and functional when using variables in links?

To ensure that URLs are properly formatted and functional when using variables in links, PHP developers can use the `urlencode()` function to encode the variables before appending them to the URL. This will ensure that special characters are properly handled and the URL remains valid.

<?php
$variable = "example variable";
$encoded_variable = urlencode($variable);
$url = "https://www.example.com/page.php?var=" . $encoded_variable;

echo '<a href="' . $url . '">Link</a>';
?>