How can PHP developers ensure secure user authentication processes when accessing protected directories on a website?

To ensure secure user authentication processes when accessing protected directories on a website, PHP developers can use session management and password hashing techniques. By storing user credentials securely and validating them before granting access to protected directories, developers can prevent unauthorized access.

session_start();

if (!isset($_SESSION['authenticated']) || $_SESSION['authenticated'] !== true) {
    header('Location: login.php');
    exit();
}

// Additional code to check user credentials and grant access to protected directories