How can PHP developers ensure data integrity and prevent errors when executing database queries in their scripts?

To ensure data integrity and prevent errors when executing database queries in PHP scripts, developers should use parameterized queries or prepared statements. This helps prevent SQL injection attacks and ensures that user input is properly sanitized before being sent to the database. 

// Establish a connection to the database
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase', 'username', 'password');

// Prepare a SQL statement with placeholders
$stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username');

// Bind parameters to the placeholders
$stmt->bindParam(':username', $username, PDO::PARAM_STR);

// Execute the query
$stmt->execute();

// Fetch the results
$results = $stmt->fetchAll();

Keywords

SQL injection prepared statements PDO error handling data validation

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