How can PHP developers effectively troubleshoot issues related to data retrieval and display on web pages?

To effectively troubleshoot data retrieval and display issues on web pages, PHP developers can start by checking the database connection, ensuring the query is correct, and verifying that the data is being fetched properly. They can also use error handling techniques to catch any potential issues during the retrieval process.

// Example code snippet for troubleshooting data retrieval and display
<?php
// Check database connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

// Ensure the query is correct
$sql = "SELECT * FROM table_name";
$result = $conn->query($sql);

// Verify data retrieval
if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
    // Output data
    while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
        echo "ID: " . $row["id"] . " - Name: " . $row["name"] . "<br>";
    }
} else {
    echo "0 results";
}

$conn->close();
?>