How can PHP developers effectively debug SQL queries for errors?

To effectively debug SQL queries for errors, PHP developers can use the `mysqli_error()` function to retrieve detailed error messages from the database server. By checking for errors after executing a query, developers can identify and fix any issues with their SQL statements.

// Connect to the database
$connection = mysqli_connect("localhost", "username", "password", "database");

// Check connection
if (!$connection) {
    die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}

// Execute SQL query
$sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
$result = mysqli_query($connection, $sql);

// Check for errors
if (!$result) {
    die("Error: " . mysqli_error($connection));
}

// Process the query results
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result)) {
    // Process each row
}

// Close connection
mysqli_close($connection);