How can PHP developers effectively communicate error messages to users when they attempt to navigate back in a multi-page application?

When users attempt to navigate back in a multi-page application, PHP developers can effectively communicate error messages by using session variables to store the error message and then redirecting the user to the previous page with the error message displayed.

// Store the error message in a session variable
$_SESSION['error_message'] = "You cannot navigate back in this application.";

// Redirect the user back to the previous page with the error message
header("Location: {$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']}");
exit;