How can PHP developers debug and troubleshoot email sending issues effectively?

To debug and troubleshoot email sending issues effectively in PHP, developers can start by checking the email configuration settings, ensuring the SMTP server is properly set up, and verifying that the email function is being called correctly. They can also use error logging to capture any errors that may occur during the email sending process.

// Example PHP code snippet to debug email sending issues

// Set up email configuration
$to = "recipient@example.com";
$subject = "Test Email";
$message = "This is a test email.";

// Send email
if (mail($to, $subject, $message)) {
    echo "Email sent successfully.";
} else {
    echo "Failed to send email.";
}