How can PHP code be optimized to avoid unnecessary complexity and improve readability?

To optimize PHP code and improve readability, it is important to follow best practices such as using meaningful variable names, breaking down complex logic into smaller functions, and avoiding nested loops or conditional statements when possible. Additionally, utilizing built-in PHP functions and libraries can help simplify code and make it more efficient.

// Example of optimized PHP code
function calculateTotalPrice($items) {
    $totalPrice = 0;
    
    foreach ($items as $item) {
        $totalPrice += $item['price'];
    }
    
    return $totalPrice;
}