How can PHP beginners ensure they are following proper coding standards when working with image uploads and database storage?

PHP beginners can ensure they are following proper coding standards when working with image uploads and database storage by using secure file upload methods, validating user input, sanitizing data before storing it in the database, and using prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks. Additionally, they should handle errors gracefully and provide informative error messages to users. 

// Example of secure image upload and database storage

// Check if file was uploaded successfully
if ($_FILES['image']['error'] === UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
    $image_name = $_FILES['image']['name'];
    $image_tmp = $_FILES['image']['tmp_name'];

    // Validate file type and size
    $allowed_types = ['image/jpeg', 'image/png'];
    $max_size = 5 * 1024 * 1024; // 5MB
    if (in_array($_FILES['image']['type'], $allowed_types) && $_FILES['image']['size'] <= $max_size) {
        // Sanitize data before storing in database
        $image_name = mysqli_real_escape_string($conn, $image_name);

        // Move uploaded file to desired directory
        move_uploaded_file($image_tmp, 'uploads/' . $image_name);

        // Store image path in database using prepared statement
        $stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO images (image_path) VALUES (?)");
        $stmt->bind_param("s", $image_name);
        $stmt->execute();
    } else {
        echo "Invalid file type or size.";
    }
} else {
    echo "Error uploading file.";
}

Keywords

PHP coding standards image uploads database storage error handling

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